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o texto a seguir e responda a atividade proposta
o texto a seguir e responda a atividade proposta
What
are Stem Cells?Stem
cells are a class of undifferentiated cells that are able to
differentiate into specialized cell types. Commonly, stem cells come
from two main sources: Embryos formed during the blastocyst phase of
embryological development (embryonic stem cells) and Adult tissue
(adult stem cells). Both types are generally characterized by their
potency, or potential to differentiate into different cell types
(such as skin, muscle, bone, etc.). Adult or somatic stem cells exist
throughout the body after embryonic development and are found inside
of different types of tissue. These stem cells have been found in
tissues such as the brain, bone marrow, blood, blood vessels,
skeletal muscles, skin, and the liver. They remain in a quiescent or
non-dividing state for years until activated by disease or tissue
injury. Adult stem cells can divide or self-renew indefinitely,
enabling them to generate a range of cell types from the originating
organ or even regenerate the entire original organ. It is generally
thought that adult stem cells are limited in their ability to
differentiate based on their tissue of origin, but there is some
evidence to suggest that they can differentiate to become other cell
types.Embryonic
stem cells are derived from a four- or five-day-old human embryo that
is in the blastocyst phase of development. The embryos are usually
extras that have been created in IVF (in vitro fertilization) clinics
where several eggs are fertilized in a test tube, but only one is
implanted into a woman. Sexual reproduction begins when a male's
sperm fertilizes a female's ovum (egg) to form a single cell called a
zygote. The single zygote cell then begins a series of divisions,
forming 2, 4, 8, 16 cells, etc. After four to six days - before
implantation in the uterus - this mass of cells is called a
blastocyst. The blastocyst consists of an inner cell mass
(embryoblast) and an outer cell mass (trophoblast). The outer cell
mass becomes part of the placenta, and the inner cell mass is the
group of cells that will differentiate to become all the structures
of an adult organism. This latter mass is the source of embryonic
stem cells - totipotent cells (cells with total potential to develop
into any cell in the body).
are Stem Cells?Stem
cells are a class of undifferentiated cells that are able to
differentiate into specialized cell types. Commonly, stem cells come
from two main sources: Embryos formed during the blastocyst phase of
embryological development (embryonic stem cells) and Adult tissue
(adult stem cells). Both types are generally characterized by their
potency, or potential to differentiate into different cell types
(such as skin, muscle, bone, etc.). Adult or somatic stem cells exist
throughout the body after embryonic development and are found inside
of different types of tissue. These stem cells have been found in
tissues such as the brain, bone marrow, blood, blood vessels,
skeletal muscles, skin, and the liver. They remain in a quiescent or
non-dividing state for years until activated by disease or tissue
injury. Adult stem cells can divide or self-renew indefinitely,
enabling them to generate a range of cell types from the originating
organ or even regenerate the entire original organ. It is generally
thought that adult stem cells are limited in their ability to
differentiate based on their tissue of origin, but there is some
evidence to suggest that they can differentiate to become other cell
types.Embryonic
stem cells are derived from a four- or five-day-old human embryo that
is in the blastocyst phase of development. The embryos are usually
extras that have been created in IVF (in vitro fertilization) clinics
where several eggs are fertilized in a test tube, but only one is
implanted into a woman. Sexual reproduction begins when a male's
sperm fertilizes a female's ovum (egg) to form a single cell called a
zygote. The single zygote cell then begins a series of divisions,
forming 2, 4, 8, 16 cells, etc. After four to six days - before
implantation in the uterus - this mass of cells is called a
blastocyst. The blastocyst consists of an inner cell mass
(embryoblast) and an outer cell mass (trophoblast). The outer cell
mass becomes part of the placenta, and the inner cell mass is the
group of cells that will differentiate to become all the structures
of an adult organism. This latter mass is the source of embryonic
stem cells - totipotent cells (cells with total potential to develop
into any cell in the body).
1. Há palavras com prefixos?
Identifique-as.
Yes. Undifferentiated,
non-dividing, regenerate,
2. Qual a função retórica do texto? O
texto está narrando, formulando hipóteses, descrevendo um processo, informando?
Há definições, exemplificações e classificações? Justifique sua resposta
apontando os marcadores que você encontrou.
Text has the rhetorical function information, which
has been explained in the text on the relevant topic. At first there is the
definition of the text theme "stem cells" that is, "cells are a
class of undifferentiated cells that are able to differentiate into specialized
cell types." There are exemplifications such as: [...] Typically, stem
cells come from two major sources: Embryos formed during embryonic development
to the blastocyst stage (embryonic stem cells) and adult tissues (adult stem
cells) .There there is a classification as to stem cells, she alone is unique,
differing from the others for its potential to develop any other cell type we
see in [...] generally characterized by their potency, or potential to
differentiate into different cell types (such as skin, muscle, bone, etc.).
O
texto tem a função retórica de informação, que no decorrer do texto vem
explicando sobre o tema abordado. No início há a definição sobre o tema do
texto “células tronco”, que é: “As células são uma classe de células
indiferenciadas que são capazes de diferenciarem em tipos de células
especializadas”. Há exemplificações, como: [...] Normalmente, as células-tronco
vêm a partir de duas fontes principais: Os embriões formados durante a fase de
blastocisto de desenvolvimento embrionário (células estaminais embrionárias) e
tecidos adultos (células estaminais adultas).Não há uma classificação quanto às
células tronco, ela por si só é única, diferenciando das demais por seu
potencial de desenvolver qualquer outro tipo de célula podemos ver em: [...]
geralmente caracterizados pela sua potência, ou potencial para se diferenciar
em diferentes tipos de células (tal como a pele, músculo, osso, etc).
3. Há palavras com a mesma terminação,
isto é, com o mesmo sufixo? Identifique-as e dê seus significados.
Yes, suffix "er":
liver, inner, later. which means
"the person or thing that makes" or that is related to. "Suffix
"ion": fertilization, reproduction, divisions and implantation.
meaning "process" or
"results". Suffix "ing":
During, enabling, Originating and
forming. Means "result of
activity", "What makes the action of the corresponding verb."
And suffix "ed": formed, activated, derived, created and implanted. Means "that receives the action of the corresponding
verb"
Sim,
sufixo ”er”: liver, inner, later. que significa “a pessoa ou a coisa
que faz” ou que esta relacionada com”. Sufixo “ion”: fertilization,
reproduction, divisions e implantation. significando “o processo” ou o “resultado de”. Sufixo “ing”: during, enabling, originating e forming . Significa “resultado de atividade”, “o que realiza
a ação do verbo correspondente”. E sufixo “ed”:
formed, activated, derived, created e implanted. Significa “o que recebe a ação do verbo correspondente”
4. Encontre, no texto, três frases com
funções retóricas que encontrar. Explique as ideias expressas por essas funções
retóricas.
[...] These stem cells have been found in tissues such
as the brain, bone marrow, blood,
blood vessels, skeletal muscles, skin, and the liver[...]. Exemplifying, to exemplify we use “as”.
[...] The single zygote cell then begins a series of divisions, forming 2, 4, 8, 16 cells, etc [...].Sequencing
a structured text may come in sequences, or in events that precede and succeed
the other, use "then”.
[...] The
blastocyst consists of an inner cell mass (embryoblast) and an outer cell mass (trophoblast)” [...]. Adding
more ideas, acrescentando more information, we use “and”.
[...]
Estas células estaminais têm sido encontradas em tecidos, tais como os vasos do cérebro, medula óssea, sangue, sangue,
músculo esquelético, pele, e no fígado [...]. Exemplificando, para exemplificar
usamos “tais como”.
[...] A única célula zigoto, em seguida, começa uma série de
divisões, formação 2, 4, 8, 16 células, etc [...]. Sequenciando, um texto pode vir estruturado em sequências,
ou seja, em acontecimentos que antecedem e sucedem à outros, usamos “em seguida”.
[...] O blastocisto
consiste de uma massa celular interna (embryoblast) e uma massa celular externa (trophoblast) [...]. Adição de mais
ideias, acrescentando mais informações,
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